Noon Sakinah and tanween- Idgham

       

 الادغام 

The  is defined linguistically as merging or inserting.

Its applied tajweed definition is: The meeting of a non-voweled letter with a voweled letter, so that the two letters become one emphasized letter of the second [letter] kind.

In the idghaam of  saakinah and tanween, the  is a saakin (non-voweled) letter on the end of a word, and the first letter of the next word is one of the letters that cause the  to merge or insert into it.  The letters that cause this  or merging are all the letters in the group: .  This means if a  saakinah or tanween are at the end of a word, and the letter  or , or  or  or , or  is the first letter of the next word, the  then merges into this next letter. 

There are two subdivision of the :

1.      which is a complete merging, also known as  which is merging without any ghunnah (nasalization). 

2.       which is an incomplete merging, also known as , or idghaam with a ghunnah (nasalization). .

The  or complete merging of the  saakinah or tanween into the first letter of the next word, is done when the  saakinah or tanween are at the end of a word and are followed by a or a  as the first letter of the next word.  As stated, this is also known as , or idghaam without a ghunnah, since the  completely merges in to the  or  and there is no left over ghunnah from the .  When there is this type of , the  is not pronounced whatsoever, instead the reciter proceeds from the letter before the  or the vowel that is with the tanween, directly to the first letter of the next word which will have a shaddah (the little ) on it because of the  (merging). 

Examples of this are:

In this aayah, there is a tanween dhammah on the letter (this first  has nothing to do with the rule for the tanween here), followed by a  as the first letter of the next word.  The reciter should go directly from the dhammah on the  which is the last letter on the first word to the  that is the first letter of the next word.  The idghaam or merging of the  saakinah of the tanween is complete into the  which becomes emphasized (doubled) as a result of this merging.  This doubling of the  is represented by the shaddah mark, or little  over the letter.

The same process takes place whether the  saakinah is actually a written  such as the next following example, or an unwritten  in the case of the tanween. 

The idghaam, or merging of the  saakinah and tanween is further divided into two groups,  (idghaam with a ghunnah) and  (idghaam without a ghunnah).  Ghunnah means nasalization

we will explain the other idghaam sub-group, that of , or idghaam (merging) with a ghunnah.  If we look at the letters that cause idghaam, or  merging of the  saakinah and tanween, that being the letters in the group , and remove the letters of the idghaam without a ghunnah group, the  and , we have left four letters, the , , , and , or if we put them in a word, the letters of the word: .  When there is a  saakinah or tanween at the end of a word, and the first letter of the next word is one of the four letters in the group , the  merges into the next letter, with a prolonged nasalization, or ghunnah accompanying this merging.  

Examples of : 

In this above aayah, there are two occurrences of , the first one with a  saakinah at the end of the first word of the aayah.  This  is followed by a , which is the first word of the next word.  The  as far as an articulating letter is not pronounced, instead we directly go from the letter before the , which is a , to the , and hold the sound with an accompanying ghunnah, or nasalization, which is a left over characteristic of the .  The second occurrence of idghaam in this aayah is in the last two words.  The next to the last word   , ends with a tanween (which, as we know, is vowel, plus a  saakinah), and the first letter of the next following word is a .  The  of the tanween then merges into the  with an accompanying ghunnah, or nasalization, which is left over from the . 

Other examples of  are:

The idghaam of the  saakinah and tanween can only occur between two word

 If there is a  saakinah in the middle of a word followed by one of the idghaam letters, there is no merging, instead the  is pronounced clearly

(with an ).  In the Glorious Qur’an this only occurs with the  saakinah followed by a  or a , and in only four words. 

This is called: (absolute clearness).

Homework:

* Listen to ayah 75 till 91 of Surah Al-Baqarah from minute 39:10 to minute 50:10

*Read half a page every day and record them in the reading log

* Answer the homework given to you by your teacher

:Homework for Idgham rules

  Please underline the words that has idgham in them and mention if it is idgham with ghonna or idgham w/o gunnah
Also, mention if it is complete or incomplete merging

1- {أَحَسِبَ النَّاسُ أَن يُتْرَكُوا أَن يَقُولُوا آمَنَّا وَهُمْ لَا يُفْتَنُونَ} [العنكبوت : 2]
2- {وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ نَّاضِرَةٌ} [القيامة : 22]
3- {وَمَا يَأْتِيهِم مِّن رَّسُولٍ إِلَّا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ} [الحجر : 11]
4- {فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ} [القارعة : 7]

5- {مِّن وَرَائِهِ جَهَنَّمُ وَيُسْقَىٰ مِن مَّاءٍ صَدِيدٍ} [ابراهيم : 16]
6- {إِنَّهُ ظَنَّ أَن لَّن يَحُورَ} [الإنشقاق : 14]
7- {وَيْلٌ لِّكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ لُّمَزَةٍ} [الهمزة : 1]
8- {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ شَاهِدًا وَمُبَشِّرًا وَنَذِيرًا} [الأحزاب : 45]

9- {رَسُولٌ مِّنَ اللَّهِ يَتْلُو صُحُفًا مُّطَهَّرَةً} [البينة : 2]
10- {وَمَا لِأَحَدٍ عِندَهُ مِن نِّعْمَةٍ تُجْزَىٰ} [الليل : 19]
11- {وَلَتَعْلَمُنَّ نَبَأَهُ بَعْدَ حِينٍ} [ص : 88]